Spring Cloud Feign 分析之FeignClient注解实现版本兼容

使用过Spring Cloud Netflix组件的同学都知道,Netflix组件的版本兼容性几乎等于零,特别是大版本变化简直就是噩梦,所以本节主要讲解如何实现Feign的版本兼容,如何兼容SpringBoot1.x、SpringBoot2.x版本中的Feign使用!这样我们在SpringBoot1.x版本使用@FeignClient在后续升级到SpringBoot2.x之后也不需要我们进行单独修改,毕竟现在微服务众多,全部重新使用SpringBoot2.x版本的FeignClient也是一件不小的事情,毕竟你改了代码那就可能出现问题。所以这一节我们主要提供注解版本的兼容方式(基本零修改),顺带分析下FeignClientsRegistrar部分原理!


@EnableFeignClients注解

@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME) @Target(ElementType.TYPE) @Documented @Import(FeignClientsRegistrar.class) public @interface EnableFeignClients {     String[] value() default {};     String[] basePackages() default {};     Class<?>[] basePackageClasses() default {};     Class<?>[] defaultConfiguration() default {};     Class<?>[] clients() default {}; }

这里我们先看看FeignClient默认实现,通过在启动类上面注解这个类即可开启FeignClient客户端,那么这里我们看看原始FeignClientsRegistrar做了什么事情,为什么就不能兼容以前的版本呢?


FeignClientsRegistrar#registerDefaultConfiguration

class FeignClientsRegistrar implements ImportBeanDefinitionRegistrar, ResourceLoaderAware, EnvironmentAware {     ......     @Override     public void registerBeanDefinitions(AnnotationMetadata metadata,             BeanDefinitionRegistry registry) {         registerDefaultConfiguration(metadata, registry);         registerFeignClients(metadata, registry);     }     //根据@EnableFeignClients中参数defaultConfiguration注册FeignClient的默认配置(FeignClientsConfiguration)     private void registerDefaultConfiguration(AnnotationMetadata metadata,             BeanDefinitionRegistry registry) {         //注意这里的获取的EnableFeignClients.class.getName()这个属性         //我们后面要做自定义注解的映射         Map<String, Object> defaultAttrs = metadata                 .getAnnotationAttributes(EnableFeignClients.class.getName(), true);         if (defaultAttrs != null && defaultAttrs.containsKey("defaultConfiguration")) {             String name;             if (metadata.hasEnclosingClass()) {                 name = "default." + metadata.getEnclosingClassName();             }             else {                 name = "default." + metadata.getClassName();             }             registerClientConfiguration(registry, name,                     defaultAttrs.get("defaultConfiguration"));         }     }     ...... }

这里我们简单的讲解下,从@EnableFeignClients注解中获取defaultConfiguration参数并生产默认配置,其中这个地方关注点metadata.getAnnotationAttributes(EnableFeignClients.class.getName(), true),后面我们的自定义注解会和这个形成映射关系


FeignClientsRegistrar#registerFeignClients

class FeignClientsRegistrar implements ImportBeanDefinitionRegistrar, ResourceLoaderAware, EnvironmentAware {     ......     @Override     public void registerBeanDefinitions(AnnotationMetadata metadata,             BeanDefinitionRegistry registry) {         registerDefaultConfiguration(metadata, registry);         registerFeignClients(metadata, registry);     }     //注册@FeignClient类到IOC容器中     public void registerFeignClients(AnnotationMetadata metadata,             BeanDefinitionRegistry registry) {          LinkedHashSet<BeanDefinition> candidateComponents = new LinkedHashSet<>();         Map<String, Object> attrs = metadata                 .getAnnotationAttributes(EnableFeignClients.class.getName());         final Class<?>[] clients = attrs == null ? null                 : (Class<?>[]) attrs.get("clients");         if (clients == null || clients.length == 0) {             //获取扫描器,             ClassPathScanningCandidateComponentProvider scanner = getScanner();             scanner.setResourceLoader(this.resourceLoader);             //扫描org.springframework.cloud.openfeign.FeignClient注解类             scanner.addIncludeFilter(new AnnotationTypeFilter(FeignClient.class));             Set<String> basePackages = getBasePackages(metadata);             for (String basePackage : basePackages) {                 //添加满足条件的BeanDefinition                 candidateComponents.addAll(scanner.findCandidateComponents(basePackage));             }         }         else {             for (Class<?> clazz : clients) {                 candidateComponents.add(new AnnotatedGenericBeanDefinition(clazz));             }         }         for (BeanDefinition candidateComponent : candidateComponents) {             if (candidateComponent instanceof AnnotatedBeanDefinition) {                 AnnotatedBeanDefinition beanDefinition = (AnnotatedBeanDefinition) candidateComponent;                 AnnotationMetadata annotationMetadata = beanDefinition.getMetadata();                 Assert.isTrue(annotationMetadata.isInterface(),                         "@FeignClient can only be specified on an interface");                 //获取org.springframework.cloud.openfeign.FeignClient对应的属性                 Map<String, Object> attributes = annotationMetadata                         .getAnnotationAttributes(FeignClient.class.getCanonicalName());                  String name = getClientName(attributes);                 registerClientConfiguration(registry, name,                         attributes.get("configuration"));                 //注册到IOC容器                 registerFeignClient(registry, annotationMetadata, attributes);             }         }     } }

这个地方我们也简单的解释下具体做了哪些事情

  1. 扫描标注了org.springframework.cloud.openfeign.FeignClient注解类
  2. 通过basePackages路径添加添加满足条件的BeanDefinition
  3. 通过BeanDefinition集合获取org.springframework.cloud.openfeign.FeignClient注解对应的属性
  4. 注册Bean到IOC容器中

FeignClient注解实现版本兼容

package org.springframework.cloud.netflix.feign;  @Target(ElementType.TYPE) @Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME) @Documented @org.springframework.cloud.openfeign.FeignClient public @interface FeignClient {      /**      * The name of the service with optional protocol prefix. Synonym for {@link #name()      * name}. A name must be specified for all clients, whether or not a url is provided.      * Can be specified as property key, eg: ${propertyKey}.      */     @AliasFor(annotation = org.springframework.cloud.openfeign.FeignClient.class, attribute = "name")     String value() default "";      /**      * The service id with optional protocol prefix. Synonym for {@link #value() value}.      *      * @deprecated use {@link #name() name} instead      */     @Deprecated     @AliasFor(annotation = org.springframework.cloud.openfeign.FeignClient.class, attribute = "serviceId")     String serviceId() default "";      /**      * The service id with optional protocol prefix. Synonym for {@link #value() value}.      */     @AliasFor(annotation = org.springframework.cloud.openfeign.FeignClient.class, attribute = "value")     String name() default "";      /**      * Sets the <code>@Qualifier</code> value for the feign client.      */     @AliasFor(annotation = org.springframework.cloud.openfeign.FeignClient.class, attribute = "qualifier")     String qualifier() default "";      /**      * An absolute URL or resolvable hostname (the protocol is optional).      */     @AliasFor(annotation = org.springframework.cloud.openfeign.FeignClient.class, attribute = "url")     String url() default "";      /**      * Whether 404s should be decoded instead of throwing FeignExceptions      */     @AliasFor(annotation = org.springframework.cloud.openfeign.FeignClient.class, attribute = "decode404")     boolean decode404() default false;      /**      * A custom <code>@Configuration</code> for the feign client. Can contain override      * <code>@Bean</code> definition for the pieces that make up the client, for instance      * {@link feign.codec.Decoder}, {@link feign.codec.Encoder}, {@link feign.Contract}.      *      * @see FeignClientsConfiguration for the defaults      */     @AliasFor(annotation = org.springframework.cloud.openfeign.FeignClient.class, attribute = "configuration")     Class<?>[] configuration() default {};      /**      * Fallback class for the specified Feign client interface. The fallback class must      * implement the interface annotated by this annotation and be a valid spring bean.      */     @AliasFor(annotation = org.springframework.cloud.openfeign.FeignClient.class, attribute = "fallback")     Class<?> fallback() default void.class;      /**      * Define a fallback factory for the specified Feign client interface. The fallback      * factory must produce instances of fallback classes that implement the interface      * annotated by {@link FeignClient}. The fallback factory must be a valid spring      * bean.      *      * @see feign.hystrix.FallbackFactory for details.      */     @AliasFor(annotation = org.springframework.cloud.openfeign.FeignClient.class, attribute = "fallbackFactory")     Class<?> fallbackFactory() default void.class;      /**      * Path prefix to be used by all method-level mappings. Can be used with or without      * <code>@RibbonClient</code>.      */     @AliasFor(annotation = org.springframework.cloud.openfeign.FeignClient.class, attribute = "path")     String path() default "";      /**      * Whether to mark the feign proxy as a primary bean. Defaults to false.      */     @AliasFor(annotation = org.springframework.cloud.openfeign.FeignClient.class, attribute = "primary")     boolean primary() default true; }

这里我们采用路径覆盖大法,我们重新定义一个org.springframework.cloud.netflix.feign这个包名,然后定义一个FeignClient注解类,然后我们在这个类上在引入一个注解@org.springframework.cloud.openfeign.FeignClient,把SpringBoot2.x版本的FeignClient引入进来,这样我们就实现了版本兼容,我们以前的SpringBoot1.x版本的可以不用修改就可以实现版本兼容。然后在启动类上面使用标准的@EnableFeignClients注解

注意事项

spring:   main:     allow-bean-definition-overriding: true

在SpringBoot2.1之前,这个开关默认是打开的,及可以重复定义Bean,但是在SpringBoot2.1之后这个配置默认是false,所以如果我们的SpringBoot版本为2.1之后的,那么这个参数需要设置为true,及允许后面的Bean可以覆盖之前相同名称的Bean,因为这个地方registerClientConfiguration会重复定义Bean,建议根据情况配置,笔者这里的业务默认都打开了的,毕竟我们的FeignClient配置是一样的,所以允许重复定义。


已经讲解到这里了,这一节我们通过路径覆盖大法,重写老版本的netflix.FeignClient注解在其之上加上新版本的openfeign.FeignClient注解来实现兼容,下一节我们将通过继承FeignClientsRegistrar来实现的方式,这种方式的实现能让我们更加清楚的了解到@FeignClient的注册方式,如果觉得总结不错就点赞关注吧!

原文链接:https://www.jianshu.com/p/e319a7a550a2

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